| Supplementation:
Amino Acids: General |
| Liver
and muscle glycogen repletion using 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy
following ingestion of maltodextrin, galactose, protein and amino acids, 2013 |
| Branched-chain amino acid
supplementation lowers perceived exertion but does not affect performance in
untrained males, 2011 |
| Keto analogue and amino
acid supplementation affects the ammonaemia response during exercise under
ketogenic conditions, 2011 |
| Branched-chain amino acid
supplementation increases the lactate threshold during an incremental
exercise test in trained individuals, 2009 |
| Effects of an amino acid
carbohydrate drink on exercise performance after consecutive-day exercise
bouts, 2008 |
| Branched-chain amino acid
supplementation and indicators of muscle damage after endurance exercise,
2007 |
| Branched-chain amino acids
and arginine supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle proteolysis induced
by moderate exercise in young individuals, 2007 |
| Biochemical and heart
adaptations to physical training and supplementation with amino acids, 2004 |
| The effect of acute
branched-chain amino acid supplementation on prolonged exercise capacity in a
warm environment, 2004 |
| Branched-chain amino acid
supplementation and human performance when hypohydrated in the heat, 2004 |
| Effect of amino acid
mixture intake on physiological responses and rating of perceived exertion
during cycling exercise, 2003 |
| Branched-chain amino acid
supplementation and the immune response of long-distance athletes, 2002 |
| Addition of protein and
amino acids to carbohydrates does not enhance postexercise muscle glycogen
synthesis, 2001 |
| Ingestion of protein
hydrolysate and amino acid-carbohydrate mixtures increases postexercise
plasma insulin responses in men, 2000 |
| The effect of BCAA
supplementation upon the immune response of triathletes, 2000 |
| Effects of a low-dose amino
acid supplement on adaptations to cycling training in untrained individuals,
1997 |
| Influence of ingesting a
solution of branched-chain amino acids on perceived exertion during exercise,
1997 |
| Effects of
glucose, glucose plus branched-chain amino acids, or placebo on bike
performance over 100 km, 1996 |
| Branched chain amino acids
chronic treatment and muscular exercise performance in athletes: a study
through plasma acetyl-carnitine levels, 1993 |
| Studies concerning the
ergogenic value of Cantamega-2000 supply in top junior cyclists, 1991 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Alanine |
| Cycling Time Trial
Performance May Be Impaired by Whey Protein and L-Alanine Intake During
Prolonged Exercise, 2014 |
| The effect of
β-alanine and NaHCO3 co-ingestion on buffering capacity and exercise
performance with high-intensity exercise in healthy males, 2014 |
| Influence of training
status on high-intensity intermittent performance in response to
β-alanine supplementation, 2014 |
| Doubling of Muscle
Carnosine Concentration Does Not Improve Laboratory 1-h Cycling Time Trial
Performance, 2014 |
| The effect of Beta-alanine
supplementation on isokinetic force and cycling performance in highly trained
cyclists, 2013 |
| Muscle carnosine loading
by beta-alanine supplementation is more pronounced in trained vs. untrained
muscles, 2013 |
| Effects of beta-alanine
supplementation and interval training on physiological determinants of severe
exercise performance, 2013 |
| Effect of β-alanine
supplementation on high-intensity exercise performance, 2013 |
| The Effect of
β-Alanine Supplementation on Isokinetic Force and Cycling Performance in
Highly-Trained Cyclists, 2013 |
| Efficacy and safety of
ingredients found in preworkout supplements, 2013 |
| Effects of Six
Weeks of β-alanine Administration on VO(2) max, Time to Exhaustion and
Lactate Concentrations in Physical Education Students, 2012 |
| Effect of combined
β-alanine and sodium bicarbonate supplementation on cycling performance,
2012 |
| Effect of β-alanine
plus sodium bicarbonate on high-intensity cycling capacity, 2011 |
| Six weeks of
high-intensity interval training with and without beta-alanine
supplementation for improving cardiovascular fitness in women, 2010 |
| Beta-alanine
supplementation reduces acidosis but not oxygen uptake response during
high-intensity cycling exercise, 2010 |
| The effects of
beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on
neuromuscular fatigue and muscle function, 2009 |
| Beta-alanine improves
sprint performance in endurance cycling, 2009 |
| The effects of alanine
ingestion on metabolic responses to exercise in cyclists, 2009 |
| Effects of
beta-alanine supplementation and high-intensity interval training on
endurance performance and body composition in men; a double-blind trial, 2009 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Arginine |
| Efficacy
and safety of ingredients found in preworkout supplements, 2013 |
| No effect of acute
L-arginine supplementation on O₂ cost or exercise tolerance, 2013 |
| The acute effects of
L-arginine on hormonal and metabolic responses during submaximal exercise in
trained cyclists, 2013 |
| L-Arginine but not
L-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during
endurance exercise, 2012 |
| Failure of
glycine-arginine-α-ketoisocaproic acid to improve high-intensity
exercise performance in trained cyclists, 2011 |
| VO2max and ventilatory
threshold of trained cyclists are not affected by 28-day L-arginine
supplementation, 2011 |
| Arginine and
antioxidant supplement on performance in elderly male cyclists: a randomized
controlled trial, 2010 |
| The effects of 4 weeks of
an arginine-based supplement on the gas exchange threshold and peak oxygen
uptake, 2010 |
| Branched-chain amino acids
and arginine supplementation attenuates skeletal muscle proteolysis induced
by moderate exercise in young individuals, 2007 |
| L-Arginine
infusion increases glucose clearance during prolonged exercise in humans,
2006 |
| Influence of chronic
supplementation of arginine aspartate in endurance athletes on performance
and substrate metabolism - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
study, 2005 |
| Glycine-arginine-alpha-ketoisocaproic
acid improves performance of repeated cycling sprints, 2004 |
| L-arginine ingestion after
rest and exercise: effects on glucose disposal, 2003 |
| The effect of a
carbohydrate--arginine supplement on postexercise carbohydrate metabolism,
1999 |
| Glutamate-arginine salts
and hormonal responses to exercise, 1995 |
| Effects of an ingested
glutamate arginine salt on ammonemia during and after long lasting cycling,
1994 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Aspartic Acid/Aspartate |
| Influence of chronic
supplementation of arginine aspartate in endurance athletes on performance
and substrate metabolism - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled
study, 2005 |
| Effects of Zinc
Magnesium Aspartate (ZMA) Supplementation on Training Adaptations and Markers
of Anabolism and Catabolism, 2004 |
| The effects of oral
administration of salts of aspartic acid on the metabolic response to
prolonged exhausting exercise in man, 1983 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Carnitine |
| Effects of exercise
intensity and altered substrate availability on cardiovascular and metabolic
responses to exercise after oral carnitine supplementation in athletes, 2011 |
| Chronic oral
ingestion of L-carnitine and carbohydrate increases muscle carnitine content
and alters muscle fuel metabolism during exercise in humans, 2011 |
| Effect of various
carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary
contraction, 2010 |
| Carbohydrate, protein, and
fat metabolism during exercise after oral carnitine supplementation in
humans, 2008 |
| Legal pre-event
nutritional supplements to assist energy metabolism, 2008 |
| L -Carnitine and the
recovery from exhaustive endurance exercise: a randomised, double-blind,
placebo-controlled trial, 2005 |
| Effects of four weeks
L-carnitine L-tartrate ingestion on substrate utilization during prolonged
exercise, 2005 |
| Long-term administration
of L-carnitine to humans: effect on skeletal muscle carnitine content and
physical performance, 2002 |
| Effects of a low-dose amino
acid supplement on adaptations to cycling training in untrained individuals,
1997 |
| Effect of L-carnitine
supplementation on muscle and blood carnitine content and lactate
accumulation during high-intensity sprint cycling, 1994 |
| Effect of intravenous
L-carnitine on carnitine homeostasis and fuel metabolism during exercise in
humans, 1994 |
| Effect of L-carnitine on
submaximal exercise metabolism after depletion of muscle glycogen, 1993 |
| Branched chain amino acids
chronic treatment and muscular exercise performance in athletes: a study
through plasma acetyl-carnitine levels, 1993 |
| Decrease in respiratory
quotient during exercise following L-carnitine supplementation, 1989 |
| Studies concerning the
ergogenic value of protein supply and 1-carnitine in elite junior cyclists,
1988 |
| Influence of carnitine
supplementation on muscle substrate and carnitine metabolism during exercise,
1988 |
| Prolonged submaximal
exercise and L-carnitine in humans, 1988 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Cysteine |
| Energy restriction but not
protein source affects antioxidant capacity in athletes, 2006 |
| Effect of supplementation
with a cysteine donor on muscular performance, 1999 |
| Studies regarding the
effects of an antioxidant compound in top athletes, 1991 |
|
| Supplementation: Antioxidants:
N-acetylcysteine |
| Effects of Antioxidant
Supplementation on Exercise Performance in Acute Normobaric Hypoxia, 2013 |
| N-acetylcysteine alters
substrate metabolism during high-intensity cycle exercise in well-trained
humans, 2013 |
| Infusion with the
antioxidant N-acetylcysteine attenuates early adaptive responses to exercise
in human skeletal muscle, 2012 |
| Effects of oral
N-acetylcysteine on fatigue, critical power, and W' in exercising humans,
2011 |
| Differential metabolomics
for quantitative assessment of oxidative stress with strenuous exercise and
nutritional intervention: thiol-specific regulation of cellular metabolism
with N-acetyl-L-cysteine pretreatment, 2010 |
| Pharmacokinetics of
intravenous N-acetylcysteine in men at rest and during exercise, 2004 |
| N-acetylcysteine
enhances muscle cysteine and glutathione availability and attenuates fatigue
during prolonged exercise in endurance-trained individuals, 2004 |
| Effects of
intravenous N-acetylcysteine infusion on time to fatigue and potassium
regulation during prolonged cycling exercise, 2004 |
| Antioxidants
attenuate the plasma cytokine response to exercise in humans, 2003 |
| N-acetylcysteine
infusion alters blood redox status but not time to fatigue during intense
exercise in humans, 2003 |
| The effect of
N-acetylcysteine on exercise-induced priming of human neutrophils. A
chemiluminescence study, 1995 |
| Oxidative stress after
human exercise: effect of N-acetylcysteine supplementation, 1994 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Glutamine |
| L-Arginine but not
L-glutamine likely increases exogenous carbohydrate oxidation during
endurance exercise, 2012 |
| No effect of glutamine
supplementation and hyperoxia on oxidative metabolism and performance during
high-intensity exercise, 2008 |
| Effects of glutamine and
hyperoxia on pulmonary oxygen uptake and muscle deoxygenation kinetics, 2007 |
| Addition of glutamine to
essential amino acids and carbohydrate does not enhance anabolism in young
human males following exercise, 2006 |
| Tricarboxylic-acid-cycle
intermediates and cycle endurance capacity, 2004 |
| Glutamate ingestion and
its effects at rest and during exercise in humans, 2002 |
| Effect of glutamine
supplementation on exercise-induced changes in lymphocyte function, 2001 |
| Glutamine supplementation
promotes anaplerosis but not oxidative energy delivery in human skeletal
muscle, 2001 |
| Effect of glutamine
supplementation on changes in the immune system induced by repeated exercise,
1998 |
| Effects of a low-dose amino
acid supplement on adaptations to cycling training in untrained individuals,
1997 |
| Glutamate-arginine salts
and hormonal responses to exercise, 1995 |
| Effects of an ingested
glutamate arginine salt on ammonemia during and after long lasting cycling,
1994 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Glycine |
| Failure of
glycine-arginine-α-ketoisocaproic acid to improve high-intensity
exercise performance in trained cyclists, 2011 |
| Glycine-arginine-alpha-ketoisocaproic
acid improves performance of repeated cycling sprints, 2004 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Leucine |
| Protein-Leucine Fed Dose
Effects on Muscle Protein Synthesis After Endurance Exercise, 2014 |
| High-intensity
interval training and β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyric free acid improves
aerobic power and metabolic thresholds, 2014 |
| Liver and muscle glycogen
repletion using 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy following ingestion of
maltodextrin, galactose, protein and amino acids, 2013 |
| Additive
insulinogenic action of Opuntia ficus-indica cladode and fruit skin extract
and leucine after exercise in healthy males, 2013 |
| Effect of post-exercise
protein-leucine feeding on neutrophil function, immunomodulatory plasma
metabolites and cortisol during a 6-day block of intense cycling, 2013 |
| Impact of caffeine and
protein on postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis, 2012 |
| A protein-leucine
supplement increases branched-chain amino acid and nitrogen turnover but not
performance, 2012 |
| Leucine-enriched
essential amino acid supplementation during moderate steady state exercise
enhances postexercise muscle protein synthesis, 2011 |
| Leucine-protein
supplemented recovery feeding enhances subsequent cycling performance in
well-trained men, 2011 |
| Nutrient provision
increases signalling and protein synthesis in human skeletal muscle after
repeated sprints, 2011 |
| Postexercise protein
intake enhances whole-body and leg protein accretion in humans, 2002 |
| Addition of
protein and amino acids to carbohydrates does not enhance postexercise muscle
glycogen synthesis, 2001 |
| Effect of beta-hydroxy
beta-methylbutyrate on the onset of blood lactate accumulation and V(O)(2)
peak in endurance-trained cyclists, 2001 |
| Ingestion of
protein hydrolysate and amino acid-carbohydrate mixtures increases
postexercise plasma insulin responses in men, 2000 |
| Maximizing
postexercise muscle glycogen synthesis: carbohydrate supplementation and the
application of amino acid or protein hydrolysate mixtures, 2000 |
| Effects of a low-dose amino
acid supplement on adaptations to cycling training in untrained individuals,
1997 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Ornithine |
| Effect of L-ornithine
hydrochloride ingestion on intermittent maximal anaerobic cycle ergometer
performance and fatigue recovery after exercise, 2011 |
| The effect of L-ornithine
hydrochloride ingestion on performance during incremental exhaustive
ergometer bicycle exercise and ammonia metabolism during and after exercise,
2010 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Phenylalanine |
| Liver and muscle glycogen
repletion using 13C magnetic resonance spectroscopy following ingestion of
maltodextrin, galactose, protein and amino acids, 2013 |
|
| Supplementation: Taurine |
| Pre-exercise energy drink
consumption does not improve endurance cycling performance, but increases
lactate, monocyte and IL-6 response, 2013 |
| Efficacy and safety of
ingredients found in preworkout supplements, 2013 |
| Do the noncaffeine
ingredients of energy drinks affect metabolic responses to heavy exercise?
2013 |
| Supplementation with
soybean peptides, taurine, Pueraria isoflavone, and ginseng saponin complex
improves endurance exercise capacity in humans, 2011 |
| The effect of acute
taurine ingestion on endurance performance and metabolism in well-trained
cyclists, 2010 |
| Effect of various
carbohydrate-electrolyte fluids on cycling performance and maximal voluntary
contraction, 2010 |
| Improved cycling
time-trial performance after ingestion of a caffeine energy drink, 2009 |
| Seven days
of oral taurine supplementation does not increase muscle taurine content or
alter substrate metabolism during prolonged exercise in humans, 2008 |
| Role of taurine
supplementation to prevent exercise-induced oxidative stress in healthy young
men, 2004 |
| Role of taurine in
osmoregulation during endurance exercise, 2002 |
| The effect of a
taurine-containing drink on performance in 10 endurance-athletes, 1994 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Tryptophan |
| Acute tryptophan depletion
does not improve endurance cycling capacity in a warm environment, 2013 |
|
| Supplementation: Amino Acids:
Tyrosine |
| Failure of Oral Tyrosine
Supplementation to Improve Exercise Performance in the Heat, 2014 |
| Tyrosine supplementation
does not influence the capacity to perform prolonged exercise in a warm
environment, 2013 |
| Oral tyrosine
supplementation improves exercise capacity in the heat, 2011 |
| Impact of protein
coingestion on muscle protein synthesis during continuous endurance type
exercise, 2011 |
| Effects of L-tyrosine and
carbohydrate ingestion on endurance exercise performance, 2002 |